Humanoid robot arms, legs and brains as cornerstones towards intelligent robots In the talk I will discuss why and how humanoid robots serve as an excellent way of fundamental research in intelligent robots in general. Starting from current humanoid robot design and the example of autonomous humanoid soccer robots several projects on new types of humanoid robot arms and legs will be discussed. The different motion systems require very different control strategies but also offer new characteristics of motion performance as well as interesting analogies to human motion control which cannot be found in conventional humanoid robots.